Referencing

Need help with referencing styles? Start with this helpful guide.

Newspapers

Reference list

News database

Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of article. Title of newspaper.  https://xxxxxxxxxx

Abubaker, S. (2020, January 31). Pakistan 5th most vulnerable country to climate change. Energy Update. https://global.factiva.com/ha/default.aspx#./!?&_suid=157828323773305653583505632955


News website

Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of article. Title of newspaper. Retrieved from https://newspaper homepage

McCurry, J. (2020, January 5). Fukushima unveils plans to become renewable energy hub. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jan/05/fukushima-unveils-plans-to-become-renewable-energy-hub-japan

In-text

(Morton, 2018) or (Morton, 2018, para. 6)

Notes

  • Capitalise all the main words in the newspaper title
  • Copy and paste the url directly into your reference list to avoid transcription errors
  • Copy and paste the complete url to avoid transcription errors
  • If the url is very long, a functioning, shortened link can be used
  • Include the month and day of publication as well as the year
  • If there is no author use the title of the article both in-text and in the reference list e.g. Co-mingling bins cause contamination. (2018, July 4).
  • If there are no page numbers or the article is long use the paragraph no. e.g. para. 10
  • For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format

Online video

Reference list

Author, A. (Year, Month day). Title of work [Video]. Source https://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

 

Person or organisation who posted the video. (Year, Month, Day). Title of the video [Video]. Source https://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Genova, L. (2017, April). Lisa Genova: What can you do to prevent Alzheimer’s [Video]. TED Conferences https://www.ted.com/talks/lisa_genova_what_you_can_do_to_prevent_alzheimer_s?language=en

TED. (2017, May 19). Lisa Genova: What can you do to prevent Alzheimer’s [Video]. YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=twG4mr6Jov0

In-text

(Genova, 2017) or Genova (2017) stated that ..

(TED, 2017) or TED (2017)

Notes

  • Videos can be in more than one site. Reference the one you accessed.
  • On some platforms the author is the person or organisation who posts the video rather than the presenter
  • Use the description [Video file] after the title of the work to describe an online video
  • Copy and paste the complete url to avoid transcription errors
  • If the url or doi is very long, a functioning shortened url can be used
  • For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format

Streaming video (TV)

Reference list

Author, A. A. (Contribution). (Year, Month, Day). Title of episode (Season, Episode) [TV series episode]. In B. B. Executive producer (Executive Producer),Title of programme . Publisher. https://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Brockie, J. (Presenter). (2018). The exercise pill (Season 2018, Episode 21) [TV series episode]. In Insight . SBS. https://www.sbs.com.au/ondemand/video/1259241027679/insight-the-exercise-pill

In-text

(Mosely as cited in Brockie, 2018) or Michael Mosely (as cited in Brockie, 2018) observed …

Notes

  • If you cannot find any of the elements of a citation leave them out and include what is available
  • Use “as cited in” when you are quoting another person apart from the listed author or presenter
  • Copy and paste the complete url to avoid transcription errors
  • If the url or doi is very long, a functioning shortened url can be used
  • For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format

Film from a database

Reference list

Director / Producer, A. A. (Contribution). (Year). Title of video [Format]. Studio. https://xxxxxxxxxx

Weis, N. (Producer). (2015). Milk: The politics of infant feeding [Documentary]. Filmblanc. https://acu.kanopy.com/video/milk-2

In-text

(Weis, 2015) or Weis (2015) portrays the difficulty…

Notes

  • Place the major contributors in the author position. Identify their contribution in brackets.
  • This (Contribution) description can be used for Producers Directors or writers in the case of TV series
  • Describe the type of film in square brackets after the title e.g. [Motion picture] [Short film] [Documentary]
  • Copy and paste the complete url to avoid transcription errors
  • If the url or doi is very long, a functioning shortened url can be used
  • For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format

Podcast

Reference list

Author, A. A. (Contribution). (Year, Month Day). Title of work (Episode number)[Audio podcast episode]. In Podcast title. Publisher.  https://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Malcolm, L. (Host). (2018, May 20). Creativity and your brain [Audio podcast]. In All in the mind. ABC.  https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/allinthemind/creativity-and-your-brain/9758846

In-text

(Malcolm, 2018) or Malcolm (2018), claims that...

Notes

  • In brackets after the named person identify their contribution e.g. (Speaker) (Presenter) (Producer)
  • Use the phrase Audio podcast in square brackets after the title
  • Provide the full http://xxxxxxxxxxxxx
  • For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format