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Referencing

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Newspapers

Reference list

News database

Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of article.Title of Newspaper. https://xxxxxxxxxx

Abubaker, S. (2020, January 31). Pakistan 5th most vulnerable country to climate change. Energy Update. https://global.factiva.com/ha/default.aspx#./!?&_suid=157828323773305653583505632955

News website

Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of article. Title of Newspaper. https://xxxxxxxxxc

McCurry, J. (2020, January 5). Fukushima unveils plans to become renewable energy hub. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jan/05/fukushima-unveils-plans-to-become-renewable-energy-hub-japan

In-text

(Morton, 2018) or (Morton, 2018, para. 6)

Notes

  • Capitalise all the main words in the Newspaper Title.
  • Copy and paste the url directly into your reference list to avoid transcription errors.
  • If the url is very long, a functioning, shortened link can be used.
  • Include the month and day of publication as well as the year.
  • If there is no author use the title of the article both in-text and in the reference list e.g. Co-mingling bins cause contamination. (2018, July 4).
  • Include page numbers (or paragraph numbers in the absence of page numbers) within in-text citations for direct quotes. When paraphrasing, page numbers are recommended but not required.
  • If there are no page numbers or the article is long use the paragraph no. e.g. para. 10.
  • For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format.

Editorial

Reference List

Author, A. A. (year). Title [Editorial]. Newspaper Title. https://xxxxxxxxxx

The Editorial Board (2020). Cancer death rates show a record drop, and Americans who quit smoking get much of the credit [Editorial]. The Chicago Tribune. http://bit.ly/2QO14sq

Two sides of the Australia Day coin [Editorial]. (2020). The Age. https://www.theage.com.au/national/two-sides-of-the-australia-day-coin-20200103-p53oi0.html

In-Text

(The Editorial Board, 2020) or The Editorial Board (2020), claims ...

("Two sides of the Australia Day coin", 2020) or The commentary in " Two sides of the Australia Day coin" (2020), indicates that ...

Notes

  • The reference format is the same as a newspaper article, but the title has the notation [Editorial].
  • If "Editorial" is in the title, do not use the notation.
  • If no author is credited with the editorial, use the title to begin the citation and for in-text citation.
  • Copy and paste the complete to url to avoid transcription errors.
  • If the url is very long, a functioning, shortened link can be used.
  • For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format.
  • Include page numbers (or paragraph numbers in the absence of page numbers) within in-text citations for direct quotes. When paraphrasing, page numbers are recommended but not required.

Online video

Reference list

Author, A. (Year, Month Day). Title of work [Video]. Source. https://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Person or organisation who posted the video. (Year, Month Day). Title of the video [Video]. Source. https://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Genova, L. (2017, April). Lisa Genova: What can you do to prevent Alzheimer’s [Video]. TED Conferences. https://www.ted.com/talks/lisa_genova_what_you_can_do_to_prevent_alzheimer_s?language=en

Harvard University. (2019, August 28).Soft robotic gripper for jellyfish [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=guRoWTYfxMs

In-text

(Genova, 2017) or Genova (2017) stated that . . .

(Harvard University, 2019) or Harvard University (2019)

Notes

  • Videos can be in more than one site. Reference the one you accessed.
  • On some platforms the author is the person or organisation who posts the video rather than the presenter.
  • Use the description [Video] after the title of the work to describe an online video.
  • Copy and paste the complete url to avoid transcription errors.
  • If the url or doi is very long, a functioning shortened url can be used.
  • For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format.
  • When using YouTube video, use the name of the account that uploaded the video as the author.
  • Provide the specific date on which the video was uploaded.
  • When the TED Talk comes from the TED's website, use the name of the speaker as the author.
  • When the Ted Talk is on YouTube, list the owner of the YouTube account (here, TED) as the author to aid in retrieval.

Episode of a TV show (via streaming service)

Reference list

Author, A. A. (Contribution). (Year, Month Day). Title of episode (Season, Episode) [TV series episode]. In B. B. Executive producer (Executive Producer),Title of programme. Publisher. https://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Brockie, J. (Presenter). (2018). The exercise pill (Season 2018, Episode 21) [TV series episode]. In Insight . SBS. https://www.sbs.com.au/ondemand/video/1259241027679/insight-the-exercise-pill

In-text

(Mosely as cited in Brockie, 2018) or Michael Mosely (as cited in Brockie, 2018) observed …

Notes

  • If you cannot find any of the elements of a citation leave them out and include what is available.
  • Use “as cited in” when you are quoting another person apart from the listed author or presenter.
  • Copy and paste the complete url to avoid transcription errors.
  • If the url or doi is very long, a functioning shortened url can be used.
  • For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format.

Film from a database

Reference list

Director / Producer, A. A. (Contribution). (Year). Title of video [Format]. Studio. https://xxxxxxxxxx

Weis, N. (Producer). (2015). Milk: The politics of infant feeding [Documentary]. Filmblanc. https://acu.kanopy.com/video/milk-2

In-text

(Weis, 2015) or Weis (2015) portrays the difficulty…

Notes

  • Place the major contributors in the author position. Identify their contribution in brackets.
  • This (Contribution) description can be used for Producers, Directors or Writers in the case of TV series.
  • Describe the type of film in square brackets after the title e.g. [Motion picture] [Short film] [Documentary].
  • Copy and paste the complete url to avoid transcription errors.
  • If the url or doi is very long, a functioning shortened url can be used.
  • For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format.

Podcast

Reference list

Podcast

Host, H. H. (Host). (year of origin-year of ending/present). Title of podcast. [Audio podcast]. Production Company. https://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

 

Producer, P. P. (Executive Producer). (year of origin-year of ending/present). Title of podcast. [Audio podcast]. Production Company. https://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

 

Meraji, S. M., & Demby, G. (Hosts). (2016-present). Code switch [Audio podcast]. National Public Radio. https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch

Podcast Episode

Host, H. H. (Host). (Year, Month Day). Title of episode (Episode number) [Audio podcast episode]. In Title of podcast. Publisher. https://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Malcolm, L. (Host). (2018, May 20). Creativity and your brain [Audio podcast episode]. In All in the mind.ABC. https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/allinthemind/creativity-and-your-brain/9758846

In-text

(Malcolm, 2018) or Malcolm (2018), claims that ...

Notes

  • In brackets after the named person identify their contribution e.g. (Speaker) (Host) (Executive Producer).
  • Use the phrase Audio podcast/Audio podcast episode in square brackets after the title.
  • Provide the full URL.
  • For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format.