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MLA

A guide to using MLA 9th referencing style

A page on a website

Works Cited

Surname, Given Name(s). "Title of Page." Title of Website. Publisher or Sponsoring Organisation, Day Month Year of publication or last modification, URL.

Bate, Jonathan. "Shakespeare in Popular Culture." The British Academy, 27 Sep. 2024, www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/blog/shakespeare-in-popular-culture/.

Semler, Liam E. "Should Taylor Swift be Taught Alongside Shakespeare? A Professor of Literature Says Yes." The Conversation, 16 Feb. 2024, theconversation.com/should-taylor-swift-be-taught-alongside-shakespeare-a-professor-of-literature-says-yes-223312.

In-text

Bate (par. 2) …

… (Bate par. 2).

Notes

Author: If there is no author, or if the publisher and the author are the same, begin the entry with the title and only list the publisher. See Statistics example above.

Title:  Surround the title of the webpage in inverted commas, and format the name of the website in italics. All words in the web page and web site title are in capitalised headline-style, except articles and prepositions.

Date: Abbreviate month names greater than four letters: Jan., Feb., Mar., Apr., Aug., Sept., Oct., Nov., Dec.

URL: When including a URL remove the prefix http:// or https://.

An entire website

Works Cited

Surname, Given Name(s). Title of Website. Publisher or Sponsoring Organisation, Day Month Year of publication or last modification, URL.

Australian Curriculum, Version 9.0. Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority, 2025, v9.australiancurriculum.edu.au/.

In-text

Australian Curriculum

… (Australian Curriculum).

Notes

Author: If there is no author, or if the publisher and the author are the same, begin the entry with the title and only list the publisher.

Title:  Format the name of the website in italics. All words in the title are in capitalised headline-style, except articles and prepositions.

Date: Abbreviate month names greater than four letters: Jan., Feb., Mar., Apr., Aug., Sept., Oct., Nov., Dec.

URL: When including a URL remove the prefix http:// or https://.

Conference papers

Works Cited

Surname, Given Name(s). "Title of Paper: Subtitle." Title of Conference, Location, Date, edited by Given Name Surname, Publisher, Year, pp. xx-xx. database, doi or URL

Bobis, Janette. "A Deep Dive into Mathematics Education Research in Search of Significance." MERGA 46: Surfing the Waves of Mathematics Education, Griffith University 30 June - 4 July 2024, edited by Jana Višňovská et al., The Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia, 2024, pp.3-10.  merga.net.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/MERGA46_FINAL_Proceedings_v14_2024-07-17_compressed.pdf.

In-text

Bobis (5) …

… (Bobis 6-7).

Notes

Author: For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and Works Cited list format.

Title: All words in the paper title and conference title in are capitalised headline case, except articles and prepositions.

Date: Abbreviate month names greater than four letters: Jan., Feb., Mar., Apr., Aug., Sept., Oct., Nov., Dec.

URL: When including a URL remove the prefix http:// or https://.

Descriptor: For presentations at a conference, use a descriptor at the end of the citation. For example, Keynote address, Guest Lecture, Conference Presentation, Address, Lecture.

Government or organisation reports

Works Cited

Title of Report. Publisher, Year of Publication, URL.

Report on Government Services 2024: Child Care, Education and Training (Part B). Australian Government Productivity Commission, 2024, www.pc.gov.au/ongoing/report-on-government-services/2024/child-care-education-and-training.

In-text

According to the Report on Government Services, …

… (Report on Government Services 6).

Notes

Author: Where the publisher and author are the same, begin the entry with the title and only list the publisher. Do not include 'The' before the name of any organisation in the Works Cited list.

Title: The title of the report is in italics. All words in the title and subtitle are capitalised, except articles and prepositions.

URL:  When including a URL remove the prefix http:// or https://.

In text: If the reference starts with a title (rather than author), the in-text citation can be a shortened form of the title.

Statistics

Works Cited

Title of Document. Catalogue no., Name of Website, Day Month Year, URL

Household and Family Projections, Australia, 2021-2046. Australian Bureau of Statistics, 28 June 2024, www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/population/household-and-family-projections-australia/2021-2046.

In-text

According to Household and Family Projections … (4).

… (Household and Family Projections 4).

Notes

Author: Where the publisher and author are the same, begin the entry with the title and only list the publisher.

Title: All words in the title are in capitalised headline-style, except articles and prepositions.

Catalogue Number: Exclude if not listed on the ABS website. 

Date: Abbreviate month names greater than four letters: Jan., Feb., Mar., Apr., Aug., Sept., Oct., Nov., Dec.

URL: When including a URL remove the prefix http:// or https://.

In text: If the reference starts with a title (rather than author), then the in-text citation can be a shortened form of the title.