IEEE

Reference list

With DOI

[5] B. Perls and L. Susskind, "Municipal cybersecurity: More work needs to be done," Urban Affairs Rev., vol. 58, pp. 614-629, Mar. 2022, doi: 10.1177/1078087420973760.

Without DOI

[3] K. Walker, "Big data and the cloud," IQ: The RIMPA Quart. Mag., vol. 30, p.3, Feb. 2014. [Online]. Available: https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit.867181037905842

In-text

Perls and Susskind [5] demonstrate that …

as quoted [3, p. 3] …

Notes

• Abbreviate the titles of IEEE publications as they appear in the IEEE Editorial Style Manual (see p. 14).
• Abbreviate non-IEEE titles according to the Common Abbreviations of Words in References in the IEEE Reference Guide (see p. 21) but if the abbreviation is not included in the guide, spell out the word.
• Do not abbreviate journal titles of only one word, for example, Nature (not Nat.).
• When citing a URL place the word [Online] in square brackets after the publication year.
• Add a full stop after a DOI but not after a URL.
• Capitalise all major words in the journal title. Capitalise only the first word of the article and subtitle.
• Use author’s initials (no more than two).
• Omit issue number if page numbers are continuous throughout an annual volume (that is, only add issue number when each new issue starts on page 1).
• For multiple authors, check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format.

Reference list

With article number

[2] C. Wang and K. Chen, "Analysis of network information retrieval method based on metadata ontology," Int. J. Antennas Propag., vol. 2022, Sept. 2022, Art. no. 2664639, doi: 10.1155/2022/2664639.

In-text

Wang and Chen [2] observed the following …

For example, see [2] …

Notes

• Some electronic journals use an article ID or number in place of a page range.
• Place the article ID or number after the publication year.
• Capitalize all major words in the journal title but capitalize only the first word of the article and subtitle.
• Use author’s initials (no more than two).
• Abbreviate the titles of IEEE  publications as they appear in the IEEE Editorial Style Manual (see p. 14).
• Abbreviate non-IEEE titles according to the Common Abbreviations of Words in References in the IEEE Reference Guide (see p. 21) but if the abbreviation is not included in the guide spell out the word.
• For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format.

Reference list

[9] L. Sasal, T. Chakraborty, and A. Hadid, "W-transformers: A wavelet-based transformer framework for univariate time series forecasting," Sep., 2022, arXiv: 2209.03945, doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2209.03945.

In-text

as demonstrated by Sasal et al. [9] …

as argued [9, Sec. IV] …

Notes

• Preprint versions of articles may or may not be peer reviewed or may be the author’s final, peer-reviewed manuscript as accepted for publication (author accepted manuscript).
• Include name of repository and/or number.
• Common repositories for preprint articles are arXiv, SSRN and PubMed Central. Follow the same format for other preprint archives or institutional repositories.
• As a pre-print article is not officially published capitalize only the first word of the article and subtitle.
• Include page numbers (or paragraph numbers in the absence of page numbers) within in-text citations for direct quotes. 
• For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format.

Reference list

[3] Q. Huang and X. Jin, "The effect of the universal two-child policy on female labour market outcomes in China," Econ. Labour Relations Rev., early access, 2022. doi: 10.1177/10353046221112716.

In-text

Huang and Jin [3] noted that …

as demonstrated earlier [3, para. 4-5] …

Notes

• No volume or issue details are available as article has not yet been published in a journal.
• Use the phrase 'early access' after the title of the journal instead of the volume and issue details.
• The date will be the year that article was first published online.
• Always include the doi as it will not change, though the date may when article is published in a journal.
• Capitalize all major words in the journal title. Capitalize only the first word of the article title and subtitle.
• Abbreviate the titles of IEEE  publications as they appear in the IEEE Editorial Style Manual (see p. 14).
• Abbreviate non-IEEE titles according to the Common Abbreviations of Words in References in the IEEE Reference Guide (see p. 21) but if the abbreviation is not included in the guide spell out the word.
• Include paragraph numbers in the absence of page numbers within in-text citations for direct quotes.
• For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format.

Reference list

[6] D. Alterman and J. Rauch, "Diffractive nonlinear geometric optics for short pulses," Siam J. on Math. Anal., vol. 34, pp. 1477-1502, 2003.

In-text

Alterman and Rauch [6] argued that …

For example, see [6] …

Notes

• Omit issue number if page numbers are continuous throughout an annual volume (that is, only add issue number when each new issue starts on page 1).
• Use author’s initials (no more than two).
• Capitalize all major words in the journal title. Capitalize only the first word of the article and subtitle.
• Abbreviate the titles of IEEE publications as they appear in the IEEE Editorial Style Manual (see p. 14).
• Abbreviate non-IEEE titles according to the Common Abbreviations of Words in References in the IEEE Reference Guide (see p. 21) but if the abbreviation is not included in the guide spell out the word.
• Do not abbreviate journal titles of only one word, for example, Nature (not Nat.).
• For multiple authors check the author layout table for in-text and reference list format.